What process occurs in plants that continually replenishes oxygen in the atmosphere?

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose, using carbon dioxide and water as raw materials. During this process, plants take in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and release oxygen as a byproduct. This reaction can be summarized by the equation:

6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + light energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂

As a result, photosynthesis significantly contributes to the replenishment of oxygen in the atmosphere, which is crucial for the survival of aerobic organisms, including humans.

In contrast, respiration occurs in both plants and animals, where glucose is broken down with oxygen to release energy for cellular processes. This process consumes oxygen and produces carbon dioxide, which does not lead to a net increase in atmospheric oxygen.

Transpiration refers to the process where water vapor is released from the leaves of plants into the atmosphere. While important for water regulation in plants, it does not contribute directly to oxygen production.

Fermentation is an anaerobic process that occurs when oxygen is not available, leading to the breakdown of glucose without the production of oxygen. Instead, it typically results in byproducts like alcohol or lactic acid depending