What is Le Chatelier's principle?

Le Chatelier's principle states that if a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changes in concentration, temperature, or pressure, the system will adjust itself to oppose that change and restore a new equilibrium. This principle is fundamental in understanding chemical equilibria, as it provides insight into how systems react to alterations in their conditions.

For instance, if a reactant is added to a system at equilibrium, the system will shift to the right to produce more products, thereby counteracting the increase in reactants. Conversely, if a product is removed, the equilibrium shifts to the left to produce more of that product. This principle applies to various scenarios, making it a key concept in predicting the behavior of chemical reactions under different conditions.

The other options pertain to different concepts in chemistry, such as reaction rates influenced by temperature or the role of catalysts, rather than the behavior of equilibria in response to disturbances.