What is Avogadro's number?

Avogadro's number is defined as 6.022 x 10^23, which represents the number of atoms or molecules in one mole of a substance. This constant is fundamental in chemistry because it allows chemists to convert between the mass of a substance and the number of atoms or molecules it contains. One mole of any substance contains this same number of entities, whether they are atoms, molecules, or ions, making it a key concept in stoichiometry and the study of chemical reactions.

The significance of Avogadro's number lies in its role in bridging the macroscopic world of grams and liters that we can measure directly, with the microscopic world of atoms and molecules, which cannot be observed individually. By using this number, chemists can accurately calculate the number of particles in a given amount of substance, facilitating reactions and calculations that involve molar relationships.