What is a significant disadvantage of the electric arc process in steel refining?

The significant disadvantage of the electric arc process in steel refining is that it requires a substantial amount of electricity. This method operates by creating an electric arc between graphite electrodes and the steel scrap, generating intense heat necessary for melting the metal. The high energy consumption can lead to increased operational costs, particularly in regions where the cost of electricity is high. While the electric arc process is efficient for certain applications, its dependency on large amounts of power is a notable drawback compared to other refinement processes that may utilize energy more efficiently or have lower electrical requirements.

This aspect is crucial as electricity plays a vital role in the profitability and sustainability of metal production processes.