How is an ionic compound defined?

An ionic compound is defined as a chemical compound composed of ions held together by electrostatic forces. This definition highlights that ionic compounds form through the transfer of electrons between atoms, typically between metals and nonmetals. In this process, a metal atom loses electrons to become positively charged (a cation), while a nonmetal atom gains those electrons to become negatively charged (an anion). The resulting electrostatic attraction between these oppositely charged ions is what forms the ionic bond and leads to the distinct properties of ionic compounds, such as high melting and boiling points, and the ability to conduct electricity when melted or dissolved in water. This framework of ionic bonding is foundational in understanding how these compounds behave both in solid form and in solution.